{"id":208,"date":"2015-07-31T17:02:24","date_gmt":"2015-07-31T08:02:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tsukishima.arc.shibaura-it.ac.jp\/?page_id=208"},"modified":"2025-03-03T15:24:16","modified_gmt":"2025-03-03T06:24:16","slug":"%e6%9c%88%e5%b3%b6%e3%81%ab%e3%81%a4%e3%81%84%e3%81%a6","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.tsukishima.arc.shibaura-it.ac.jp\/?page_id=208","title":{"rendered":"\u4f43\u5cf6\u30fb\u6708\u5cf6\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\/About Tsukudajima and Tsukishima"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b<\/strong>
\n\u6708\u5cf6\u306f\u660e\u6cbb\u671f\u5f8c\u534a\u300119\u4e16\u7d00\u672b\u304b\u3089\u6771\u4eac\u6e7e\u306e\u57cb\"150704mapjp\"\u3081\u7acb\u3066\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4f5c\u3089\u308c\u305f\u9685\u7530\u5ddd\u6cb3\u53e3\u306e\u4eba\u5de5\u5cf6\u3067\u3059\u3002\u57cb\u3081\u7acb\u3066\u306f\u77f3\u5ddd\u5cf6\u9020\u8239\u6240\u306e\u672c\u62e0\u5730\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u77f3\u5ddd\u5cf6\u3068\u3001\u6c5f\u6238\u521d\u671f\u304b\u3089\u7d9a\u304f\u6b74\u53f2\u7684\u306a\u6f01\u5e2b\u753a\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4f43\u5cf6\u306e\u5ef6\u9577\u4e0a\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6708\u5cf6\u306f20\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u3081\u306e\u7523\u696d\u767a\u5c55\u306e\u62e0\u70b9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8fd1\u4ee3\u65e5\u672c\u521d\u306e\u90fd\u5e02\u8a08\u753b\u304b\u3089\u751f\u307e\u308c\u305f\u753a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6771\u4eac\u6e7e\u306e\u57cb\u3081\u7acb\u3066\u306f\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u3082\u7d9a\u304d\u3001\u6708\u5cf6\u306b\u96a3\u63a5\u3057\u3066\u52dd\u3069\u304d\u3084\u65b0\u4f43\u5cf6\u304c\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u6c96\u5408\u306e\u6674\u6d77\u3084\u8c4a\u6d32\u3001\u6771\u96f2\u304c\u57cb\u3081\u7acb\u3066\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6771\u4eac\u3068\u3044\u3046\u90fd\u5e02\u306f\u3001\u6c5f\u6238\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u706b\u707d\u3084\u5730\u9707\u30011923\u5e74\u306e\u95a2\u6771\u5927\u9707\u707d\u3001\u592a\u5e73\u6d0b\u6226\u4e89\u4e2d\u306e\u6771\u4eac\u5927\u7a7a\u8972\u306a\u3069\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4f55\u5ea6\u3068\u306a\u304f\u58ca\u6ec5\u3068\u5fa9\u65e7\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u3066\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6226\u5f8c\u6570\u5341\u5e74\u306e\u958b\u767a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4f43\u5cf6\u3068\u6708\u5cf6\u306f\u5287\u7684\u306a\u5909\u5316\u3092\u3068\u3052\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3001\u6614\u306a\u304c\u3089\u306e\u666f\u89b3\u3084\u66ae\u3089\u3057\u3076\u308a\u3092\u5b88\u308a\u7d9a\u3051\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Introduction<\/strong>
\nTsukishima is situated at the mouth of the \"150704mapeng\"<\/a>Sumida River, built on land reclaimed from Tokyo Bay in the late nineteenth century. The reclamation merged to form a larger island with Ishikawajima, home of Ishikawajima Shipyard, and Tsukudajima, an island with a history going back to fisherfolk who settled there in the seventeenth century. Tsukishima was a hub of industrial development in the early twentieth century and the product of modern Japan\u2019s earliest efforts at urban planning. Reclamation projects continued in Tokyo Bay, creating the neighboring districts of Kachidoki and Shin-tsukudajima, and further expanded outward to form Harumi, Toyosu, and Shinonome.<\/p>\n

Tokyo was destroyed and rebuilt many times over the course of its history, ravaged by fires and earthquakes during the Edo period (1603\u20131867) and in 1923 and devastated by air raids during the Pacific War. Development in the postwar decades has changed Tsukudajima and Tsukishima dramatically in some ways, while preserving the old townscape and way of life in others.<\/p>\n

\u6b74\u53f2\u3000<\/strong>History                                                                                                                                              <\/strong><\/span>
\n\u77f3\u5ddd\u5cf6<\/strong>
\n\u6c5f\u6238\u5e55\u5e9c\u306e\u8239\u624b\u982d(\u3075\u306a\u3066\u304c\u3057\u3089)\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u77f3\u5ddd\u516b\u5de6\u885b\u9580\u6b63\u6b21(\u307e\u3055\u3064\u3050)\u304c\u30011626\u5e74\u306b\u300c\u93a7\u5cf6\u300d\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u3066\u3044\u305f\u7121\u4eba\u5cf6\u3092\u5e55\u5e9c\u304b\u3089\u5c4b\u6577\u5730\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u5927\u5ddd\u7aef(\u304a\u304a\u304b\u308f\u3070\u305f)\u30ea\u30d0\u30fc\u30b7\u30c6\u30a3\u306e\u4e09\u4e95\u4e0d\u52d5\u7523\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30bf\u30ef\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u7fa4\u304c\u6797\u7acb\u3059\u308b\u3042\u305f\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002\u77f3\u5ddd\u516b\u5de6\u885b\u9580\u6b63\u6b21\u306f\u602a\u529b\u306e\u6301\u3061\u4e3b\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306b\u307e\u3064\u308f\u308b\u8208\u5473\u6df1\u3044\u30a8\u30d4\u30bd\u30fc\u30c9\u304c\u300c\u77f3\u5ddd\u5cf6\u8cc7\u6599\u9928\u300d\u306b\u5c55\u793a\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65e5\u672c\u6a4b\u304b\u3089\u9244\u7832\u6d32\u306e\u3042\u305f\u308a\u304c\u3001\u5f53\u6642\u306e\u5e55\u5e9c\u6d77\u8ecd\u57fa\u5730\u3060\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u306e\u77f3\u5ddd\u5cf6\u306f\u5c4b\u6577\u5730\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5e55\u5e9c\u6d77\u8ecd\u306e\u524d\u7dda\u57fa\u5730\u3068\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3065\u3051\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u65b0\u5ddd\u306b\u300c\u970a\u5cb8\u5cf6(\u308c\u3044\u304c\u3093\u3058\u307e)\u6c34\u4f4d\u89b3\u6e2c\u6240\u300d\u304c\u8a2d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f\u3001\u6c5f\u6238\u6642\u4ee3\u304b\u3089\u3001\u305d\u306e\u3042\u305f\u308a\u304c\u6c5f\u6238\u6e2f\u306e\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3060\u3063\u305f\u304b\u3089\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5cf6\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u5800\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u8239\u3092\u505c\u6cca\u3055\u305b\u3066\u304a\u304f\u300c\u8239\u5165\u5800(\u3075\u306a\u3044\u308a\u307c\u308a)\u300d\u3060\u3063\u305f\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u9b3c\u5e73\u72af\u8ab2\u5e33\u300d\u3067\u6709\u540d\u306a\u9577\u8c37\u5ddd\u5e73\u8535\u306e\u9032\u8a00\u306b\u3088\u3063\u30661790\u5e74\u306b\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u305f\u3068\u3055\u308c\u308b\u4eba\u8db3\u5bc4\u5834(\u306b\u3093\u305d\u304f\u3088\u305b\u3070)\u306f\u3001\u77f3\u5ddd\u5cf6\u306e\u5357\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u846d\u6cbc(\u3088\u3057\u306c\u307e)\u3092\u9020\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u4f43\u516c\u5712\u306e\u6c60\u3084\u904a\u5177\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306b\u76f8\u5f53\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Ishikawajima<\/strong>
\nThe area where the \u014ckawabata River City 21 high-rises stand today was an uninhabited natural island originally called Yoroijima (Armor Island). In 1626, theTokugawa shogunate bestowed the island on Ishikawa Hachizaemon Masatsugu, who had been appointed funategashira<\/em> (official in charge of the maritime andnaval affairs). Masatsugu was the heir of Ishikawa \u014csumi-no-Kami Shigetsugu, a member of the inner circle of stalwart retainers of first shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu (1543\u20131616), and Yoroijima came to be known as Ishikawajima. The full set of samurai armor on display at the IHI Ishikawajima Museum is said to have been wornby Masatsugu\u2019s father.<\/p>\n

During the Edo period, the center of maritime and naval affairs was locatedbetween the mercantile center of Nihonbashi and the bayside Tepp\u014dzu, and Ishikawajima probably served as a naval outpost. When modernization began in the Meiji era (1868\u20131912), the official observatory for monitoring the water levelof the bay was established in Reiganjima (now Shinkawa, northwest of Ishikawajima across the Sumida River). Ishikawajima was accessed by a number of canalsthat were probably used for harboring boats.<\/p>\n

As part of the late-eighteenth-century Kansei Reforms led by shogunal senior councilor Matsudaira Sadanobu, the swamp on the southwest side of the islandwas reclaimed, and in 1790, became the site of the ninsoku yoseba<\/em>, a facility for rehabilitating criminals. The idea behind this project had originated with a member of the shogunal police force named Hasegawa Heiz\u014d, who has since become a popular hero portrayed in fiction and television dramas.<\/p>\n

\u4f43\u5cf6<\/strong>
\n1630\u5e74\u3001\u6442\u6d25\u56fd\uff08\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u5927\u962a\uff09\u4f43\u6751\u3092\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3068\u3057\u305f\u6f01\u5e2b\u3089\u304c\u3001\u77f3\u5ddd\u5cf6\u306e\u5357\u306e\u5e72\u6f5f\u767e\u9593\u56db\u65b9\u3092\u5e55\u5e9c\u304b\u3089\u8cb0\u3044\u53d7\u3051\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6f01\u5e2b\u305f\u3061\u306f\u6f01\u306e\u5408\u9593\u306b\u663c\u591c\u4f11\u3080\u3053\u3068\u306a\u304f\u5cf6\u3092\u9020\u3063\u305f\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u30011644\u5e74\u306b\u9020\u6210\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5cf6\u306f\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u4e8c\u3064\u306e\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u9593\u304c\u8239\u5165\u5800\u3067\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u305d\u308c\u306f\u8239\u5165\u5800\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u6f01\u5e2b\u753a\u306e\u9762\u5f71\u3092\u6b8b\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73fe\u5728\u306f\u30ab\u30df\u30bd\u30ea\u5824\u9632\u304c\u3042\u308b\u306e\u3067\u5206\u304b\u308a\u3065\u3089\u3044\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6c5f\u6238\u306e\u753a\u3092\u6b63\u9762\u3068\u3057\u3066\u753a\u304c\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u6708\u5cf6\u5730\u533a\u306e\u6c0f\u795e\u69d8\u3067\u3042\u308b\u4f4f\u5409\u795e\u793e\u306f\u6c5f\u6238\u306e\u753a\u3001\u6c5f\u6238\u57ce\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u65b9\u5411\u3001\u6442\u6d25\u56fd\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u3092\u5411\u3044\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u7530\u306e\u5b57\u578b\u306e\u8857\u5272\u308a\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u4f4f\u5409\u795e\u793e\u5074\u306e\u8857\u533a\u304c\u300c\u4e0a\u753a\u300d\u3067\u3001\u9685\u7530\u5ddd\u5bc4\u308a\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u6577\u5730\u5272\u308a\u304c\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u796d\u308a\u306e\u6642\u306e\u5e5f\u306e\u5efa\u3066\u65b9\u3082\u3001\u6c5f\u6238\u306e\u753a\u304b\u3089\u898b\u3066\u6247\u5f62\u306b\u5e83\u304c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u898b\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u914d\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Tsukudajima<\/strong>
\nIn 1612, Tokugawa Ieyasu brought to Edo a group of fishermen from the village of Tsukuda in what is now Osaka (then Settsu province), with their advanced fishing techniques, and they were appointed special purveyors of fish to Edo castle. In 1630, the fishermen were given a large expanse of tideland flats (100 ken square, or about 33,100 sq m) to the southwest of Ishikawajima, which they were free to reclaim and settle. The fishermen worked night and day whenever they were not fishing to build Tsukudajima, the island that became their home in 1644.<\/p>\n

Tsukudajima\u2019s community leaders lived in large-size plots on the Sumida River side of Uwate, the northern half of the island, where Sumiyoshi Shrine is located. The harbor inlet dividing the island in two is still used today, preserving the ambience of the old fishing settlement.<\/p>\n

The people of the original Tsukuda village in Osaka, so legend goes, were loyal to Ieyasu and put their maritime and other knowledge behind his forces during his battles in Osaka against the continuing resistance of the heir of the previous ruler, Toyotomi Hideyoshi. So when Ieyasu began to build the new \u201ceastern\u201d capital in Edo, he called on the fishermen of Tsukuda to move to Edo, where they enjoyed the protection of the shogunate and received special fishing privileges. When they built their community, they showed their respect by designing it to face Edo castle. The torii<\/em> gate of Sumiyoshi Shrine is located on a straight line to where the castle once stood, although the view is blocked today by the high levees. At festival time, the banners are raised in a fan shape, the better to attract attention from the city across the river.<\/p>\n

\u6708\u5cf6<\/strong>
\n\u6771\u4eac\u306e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u5316\u4ee5\u964d\u306b\u6700\u521d\u306b\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u305f\u57cb\u7acb\u5730\u3067\u3059\u30021887\u5e74\u306b\u7740\u624b\u3055\u308c\u305f\u57cb\u7acb\u306f\u3001\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u7e2e\u5c0f\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6771\u4eac\u6e2f\u7bc9\u6e2f\u8a08\u753b\u306e\u4e00\u74b0\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u9685\u7530\u5ddd\u306e\u6faa\u6d5a\u3044\u3092\u517c\u306d\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u57cb\u7acb\u306e\u5b8c\u4e86\u306f1892\u5e74\u3068\u8a00\u308f\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5e74\u306b\u6771\u4eac\u5e02\u533a\u6539\u6b63\u59d4\u54e1\u4f1a\u3067\u6708\u5cf6\u306e\u8857\u8def\u8a08\u753b\u304c\u5be9\u8b70\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6211\u304c\u56fd\u521d\u306e\u8fd1\u4ee3\u90fd\u5e02\u8a08\u753b\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5e02\u533a\u6539\u6b63\u8a08\u753b\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u8a95\u751f\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u6226\u304c\u59cb\u307e\u3063\u305f\u9803\u307e\u3067\u306b\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u5de5\u5834\u3084\u5009\u5eab\u304c\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u50cd\u304f\u52b4\u50cd\u8005\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u4f4f\u5b85\u304c\u5927\u91cf\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u6b8b\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8def\u5730\u3068\u9577\u5c4b\u7fa4\u304c\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u897f\u4ef2\u901a\u308a\u5546\u5e97\u8857\u306f\u3001\u77f3\u5ddd\u5cf6\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u9020\u8239\u6240\u3068\u6708\u5cf6\uff13\u4e01\u76ee\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u77f3\u4e95\u9244\u5de5\u6240\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

1896\u5e74\u306b\u57cb\u7acb\u304c\u5b8c\u4e86\u3057\u305f\u65b0\u4f43\u5cf6\u306e\u6771\u5074\u306f\u3001\u304b\u3064\u3066\u98a8\u5149\u660e\u5a9a\u306a\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u5225\u8358\u5730\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n

Tsukishima<\/strong>
\nTsukishima was the result of the first land reclamation project undertaken during the Meiji era, after Edo was renamed Tokyo. It was part of a grand plan to transform Tokyo into a modern city and to construct Tokyo Port in conjunction with the dredging of the Sumida River. Although the Tokyo Port plan was greatly scaled down, construction of Tsukishima was completed in 1892. One year before completion, in 1891, the Tokyo City Planning Council worked on the layout of the streets of Tsukishima, making the design of the district the first incidence of modern urban planning in Japan.<\/p>\n

From then until the beginning of World War I, many factories and warehouses were built on Tsukishima. The town as it is today was gradually built as housing was put up for the many workers of these factories. The Nishinaka-d\u014dri shopping street was built along the line between the Ishikawajima Shipyard on the east end and the Ishii Ironworks at the west end. The residential blocks flanking the shopping street are packed with small, two-story dwellings called nagaya<\/em> (rowhouse), each facing a narrow street called a roji<\/em> (alley).<\/p>\n

Shin-Tsukudajima, an extension of Tsukudajima, was reclaimed in 1896, following the street plan of Tsukishima. The area along the east side offered a fine vista of the bay and the B\u014ds\u014d peninsula and became the location of second residences of members of the wealthy class.<\/p>\n

\u8def\u5730\u3068\u9577\u5c4b\u3068\u751f\u6d3b\u3000<\/strong>Alley,Nagaya and Life                                                                                          <\/strong><\/span>
\n\u8def\u5730\u3068\u9577\u5c4b<\/strong>
\n\u4f43\u5cf6\u306e\u8def\u5730\u306f\u3001\u72ed\u3044\u5cf6\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u4f4f\u5b85\u304c\u8a70\u3081\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u5efa\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\uff11\uff4d\u7a0b\u306e\u5e45\u3057\u304b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5143\u3005\u5cf6\u306f\u3001\u4f4f\u5409\u795e\u793e\u3092\u9664\u3044\u3066\u8a0835\u7b46\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3057\u5b85\u5730\u5316\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u308c\u304c\u4eba\u53e3\u5897\u52a0\u3068\u5171\u306b\u5bc6\u96c6\u3057\u3066\u4f4f\u5b85\u304c\u5efa\u3066\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u3057\u3060\u3044\u306b\u8def\u5730\u304c\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u5965\u884c\u304d20\u9593\u7a0b\u306e\u8857\u533a\u306e\u9577\u624b\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u3001\uff14\u301c\uff15\u9593\u3092\u5358\u4f4d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8def\u5730\u3068\u4f4f\u5b85\u304c\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8def\u5730\u304b\u3089\u306e\u5404\u4f4f\u5b85\u3078\u306e\u5165\u53e3\u306f\u5357\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u5efa\u7269\u306e\u5317\u5074\u306b\u306f\u306a\u308b\u3079\u304f\u7a93\u3092\u3064\u304f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6163\u7fd2\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\"150704alleyptnjp\"<\/a>\u4f43\u5cf6\u306f\u3001\u95a2\u6771\u5927\u9707\u707d\u306e\u6642\u3082\u713c\u5931\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002\u9685\u7530\u5ddd\u3092\u8d8a\u3048\u3066\u98db\u3093\u3067\u304d\u305f\u706b\u306e\u7c89\u3092\u3001\u4f4f\u6c11\u304c\u7d50\u675f\u3057\u3066\u6d88\u706b\u3057\u305f\u3068\u4f1d\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8def\u5730\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u72ed\u3044\u306e\u3067\u3001\u4eca\u3067\u3082\u300c\u30d0\u30b1\u30c4\u30ea\u30ec\u30fc\u300d\u3067\u306e\u6d88\u706b\u8a13\u7df4\u304c\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6708\u5cf6\u306e\u8def\u5730\u306f\u3001\u4f43\u5cf6\u306e\u8def\u5730\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306b\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306b\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8fd1\u4ee3\u90fd\u5e02\u8a08\u753b\u3067\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u305f\u5cf6\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u8857\u5272\u308a\u306f\u6c5f\u6238\u671f\u306b\u898b\u3089\u308c\u305f\u300c\u4e00\u753a\u8857\u533a\u300d\uff08\u7d04120m\u56db\u65b9\uff09\u3092\u57fa\u672c\u5358\u4f4d\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8857\u5272\u308a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u9053\u8def\u90e8\u5206\u3092\u9664\u304f\u3068\u3001\u4e00\u3064\u306e\u8857\u533a\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u306f60\u9593\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u66f4\u306b\u6b63\u65b9\u5f62\u306e\u8857\u533a\u3092\u4e8c\u3064\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3059\u308b\uff13\u9593\u9053\u8def\u304c\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u8857\u533a\u306e\u5927\u304d\u3055\u306f\u3001\u5de5\u5834\u3084\u5009\u5eab\u3092\u5efa\u8a2d\u3059\u308b\u306b\u306f\u3061\u3087\u3046\u3069\u826f\u304b\u3063\u305f\u304c\u3001\u5b85\u5730\u306b\u306f\u5927\u304d\u3059\u304e\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u8857\u533a\u306e\u9577\u8fba\u65b9\u5411\u3092\uff16\u3064\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3057\u3001\u77ed\u518a\u72b6\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u6577\u5730\u5272\u308a\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u306b\u8def\u5730\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3001\u4e21\u5074\u306b\u9577\u5c4b\u304c\u5efa\u8a2d\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u8def\u5730\u306e\u5e45\u306f\uff11\u9593\u304b\u3089\uff19\u5c3a\u3067\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5f53\u6642\u306e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8def\u5730\u306f50m\u7a0b\u306e\u9577\u3055\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u306e\uff11\u672c\u3042\u305f\u308a24\u8ed2\u7a0b\u306e\u9577\u5c4b\u304c\u5efa\u3061\u4e26\u3093\u3067\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9577\u5c4b\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306a\u9593\u53e3\u306f\u3001\uff11\u4f4f\u6238\u3042\u305f\u308a\uff12\u9593\u3067\u3001\u5965\u884c\u304d\u306f3.5\u9593\u7a0b\u3067\u3059\u3002\uff12\u8ed2\u304b\u3089\uff14\u8ed2\u9577\u5c4b\u304c\u591a\u304f\u3064\u304f\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\uff11\u4f4f\u6238\u3042\u305f\u308a\u306e\u5e8a\u9762\u7a4d\u306f44\u33a1\u7a0b\u3068\u72ed\u3044\u304c\u3001\uff11\u968e\u3068\uff12\u968e\u3092\u5225\u306b\u8cc3\u8cb8\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3084\u3001\u66f4\u306b\uff12\u968e\u3092\u4e8c\u3064\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3057\u3066\u8cc3\u8cb8\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3068\u3044\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Streets and Rowhouses<\/strong>
\nLand was precious on the small island of Tsukudajima, and the streets were laid out to pack in as much housing as possible, leaving many of the alleys less than a meter wide.<\/p>\n

Initially, when the fishermen\u2019s reclamation work was completed, the whole island except for the precincts of Sumiyoshi Shrine was divided up into 35 rectangular residential units. As the population increased, the dwellings grew dense, solidifying the layout of the town. As we can see today, each unit is 20 ken<\/em> (36.4 m) deep, divided by alleys and housing sites in 4\u20135 ken<\/em> (7.28\u20139.10 m)-wide blocks. The entrance end of each dwelling faces an alley on the south. The custom is to have few windows on the north end of the houses.<\/p>\n

\"150704alleyptneng\"<\/a>While most of Tokyo was reduced to ashes in the 1923 Great Kant\u014d Earthquake, Tsukudajima did not burn. The residents banded together to prevent the sparks flying from across the Sumida River from starting fires on their side. The side streets dividing the houses are very narrow so bucket relay drills for firefighting in emergencies continue to this day.<\/p>\n

The layout of Tsukishima is even more regular than that of Tsukudajima. The town may have been designed by modern urban planning, but the basic units follow the \u201c1-ch\u014d gaiku\u201d block (about a 120-meter square, or 14,400 sq m) that was the standard during the Edo period. Each block of 60 ken<\/em> (about 109 m) on a side (excluding the street width) was divided into two parts, by a cross street 5.4 meters wide. That half-block size was good for factories and warehouses but too large for housing. So those parts were subdivided into six long-narrow sections intersected by narrow 2\u20133 meter-wide alleys following the laws of the time, with rowhouses built facing alleys on both sides. Each alley was about 50 meters long, so there were about 24 rowhouses clustered along both sides of each alley.<\/p>\n

The rowhouses consisted of two to four units joined by common walls, and the standard size of one rowhouse unit was 2 ken<\/em> (3.64 m) wide and 3.5 ken<\/em> (6.37 m) long (extending back from the street). A one-unit house was very small, its two-story floor area only 44 square meters, and often a family would live on the first floor and rent out the second floor as one or two separate units.<\/p>\n

\u9577\u5c4b\u306e\u751f\u6d3b<\/strong>
\n\u9577\u5c4b\u306f\u58c1\u304c\u8584\u304f\u3001\u5bb6\u3005\u304c\u5bc6\u96c6\u3057\u3001 \u751f\u6d3b\u306f\u96a3\u8fd1\u6240\u306b\u7b52\u629c\u3051\u3067\u30d7\u30e9\u30a4\u30d0\u30b7\u30fc\u304c\u307b\u3068\u3093\u3069\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u30c8\u30a4\u30ec\u306f\u5404\u6238\u306b\u3042\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001\u98a8\u5442\u5834\u3092\u4f5c\u308b\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u4f4f\u6c11\u306f\u92ad\u6e6f\u306b\u901a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u306e\u5730\u533a\u306b\u306f\u304b\u3064\u3066\u306f\u92ad\u6e6f\u304c\u305f\u304f\u3055\u3093\u3042\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002\u8fd1\u96a3\u306b\u304a\u5e97\u304c\u591a\u304f\u3001\u53f0\u6240\u304c\u624b\u72ed\u3067\u3042\u3063\u305f\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4f4f\u6c11\u306f\u51fa\u6765\u5408\u3044\u306e\u60e3\u83dc\u3092\u914d\u9054\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u5ea6\u3005\u3042\u308a\u3001\u98df\u4e8b\u51e6\u3084\u5c45\u9152\u5c4b\u304c\u5897\u3048\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3044\u3046\u3082\u306e\u3059\u3079\u3066\u304c\u9577\u5c4b\u6587\u5316\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5916\u754c\u304b\u3089\u5207\u308a\u96e2\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7dca\u5bc6\u306a\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u3001\u6b74\u53f2\u3068\u5730\u7d9a\u304d\u306e\u6587\u5316\u3001\u6614\u306a\u304c\u3089\u306e\u4f1d\u7d71\u306b\u3082\u3068\u3065\u304f\u66ae\u3089\u3057\u3076\u308a\u304c\u6b8b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n

Life in the Nagaya<\/strong>
\nNagaya residents got used to living in very close quarters, where the walls were thin and there was no space between houses. There was hardly any privacy, and everyone knew what everyone else was doing. There were toilets in each rowhouse unit, but no space for individual baths, so everyone went to the public bathhouses, of which there once were quite a few. With shops close by and kitchens cramped, people often ordered food delivered, and the number of eateries and drinkeries increased. All this became part of the culture of the nagaya neighborhoods, secluded pockets of tight-knit communities that give a sense of history and retain a way of life based on old traditions.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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